回 帖 发 新 帖 刷新版面

主题:Arm linux 内核构建(2)

本文将继续讲解arm linux内核zImage的生成过程,内核版本号4.10。

 

arch/arm/Makefile文件中,可以看到zImage 依赖于vmlinux,这里的vmlinux指的是根目录下的vmlinux

 

arch/arm/Makefile:

boot := arch/arm/boot

BOOT_TARGETS    = zImage Image xipImage bootpImage uImage

… …

$(BOOT_TARGETS):vmlinux

    $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(boot)MACHINE=$(MACHINE) $(boot)/$@  --1

 @$(kecho) ' Kernel: $(boot)/$@ is ready'

 

这里的vmlinux是编译生成的linux内核的elf文件:

#file vmlinux

vmlinux: ELF 32-bitLSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, not stripped

 

其中,(build)=$(boot)被扩展为了scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot

buildscripts/Kbuild.include中定义的变量:

build := -f$(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.build obj

 

boot := arch/arm/boot 直接指明该架构的boot文件生成路径,而MACHINE则是由用户配置来决定,嵌入式物联网更多资料企鹅意义气呜呜吧久零就易,毕竟一个ARM CPU可以和各类外设组成不同的机器架构。

ifneq ($(machine-y),)

MACHINE  := arch/arm/mach-$(word 1,$(machine-y))/

else

MACHINE  :=

endif

 

比如:

machine-$(CONFIG_ARCH_S3C64XX)    := s3c6400 s3c6410

在内核配置文件.config可以找到CONFIG_ARCH_S3C64XX=y

这样,语句(1)就可以解析成:

make -fscripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot MACHINE=arch/arm/mach-s3c6400/arch/arm/boot/zImage

 

接着看scripts/Makefile.build,它包含arch/arm/boot/Makefile文件的方式有些特殊,它是从上面的命令行得到obj,然后找到对应文件夹下的Makefile并执行。

scripts/Makefile.build的开头,src的值被赋值为arch/arm/boot

src := $(obj)

… …

# The filename Kbuildhas precedence over Makefile

kbuild-dir := $(if$(filter /%,$(src)),$(src),$(srctree)/$(src))

kbuild-file := $(if$(wildcard $(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild),$(kbuild-dir)/Kbuild,$(kbuild-dir)/Makefile)

include$(kbuild-file)

 

kbuild-file就是src指定路径下的Makefile文件,此时就是arch/arm/boot/Makefile,它包含了构建arch/arm/boot/zImage的规则。

PHONY := __build

… …

__build: $(if$(KBUILD_BUILTIN),$(builtin-target) $(lib-target) $(extra-y)) \

 

KBUILD_BUILTIN 在顶层Makefile 中被初始化为1,所以这个规则的依赖需要一个builtin-target 变量。

这个变量在scripts/Makefile.build中定义。

ifneq ($(strip$(obj-y) $(obj-m) $(obj-) $(subdir-m) $(lib-target)),)

builtin-target := $(obj)/built-in.o

endif

 

变量obj 就是vmlinux-dirs 变量指定的目录。所以这里会构建$(vmlinux-dirs)/built-in.o 目标,在scripts/Makefile.build文件中有这个目标的规则及命令的定义:

# If the list ofobjects to link is empty, just create an empty built-in.o

cmd_link_o_target =$(if $(strip $(obj-y)),\

                      $(cmd_make_builtin) $@$(filter $(obj-y), $^) \

                      $(cmd_secanalysis),\

                      $(cmd_make_empty_builtin)$@)

 

$(builtin-target):$(obj-y) FORCE

        $(call if_changed,link_o_target)

 

vmlinux-dirs将在后面解释,它包含了所有由变量$(xx)代表的需要编译处理的文件夹。所有的目标文件生成规则在scripts/Makefile.build中定义如下:

# Built-in andcomposite module parts

$(obj)/%.o:$(src)/%.c $(recordmcount_source) $(objtool_obj) FORCE

        $(call cmd,force_checksrc)

        $(call if_changed_rule,cc_o_c)

 

vmlinux在生成完毕后,接着会执行make -fscripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot MACHINE=arch/arm/mach-s3c6400/arch/arm/boot/zImagearch/arm/boot/Makefile中定义了如下规则:

 $(obj)/zImage:  $(obj)/compressed/vmlinux FORCE

        $(call if_changed,objcopy)

 

变量obj的值即是arch/arm/boot。显然zImage此时又依赖于$(obj)/compressed/vmlinux

$(obj)/compressed/vmlinux:$(obj)/Image FORCE

        $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(obj)/compressed$@

 

扩展开的命令如下:

make -f scripts/Makefile.buildobj=arch/arm/boot/compressed

arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux

 

继续回到压缩vmlinux生成命令,make -f scripts/Makefile.build obj=arch/arm/boot/compressed arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux。

此时obj=arch/arm/boot/compressed,所以scripts/Makefile.build会自动包含arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile,该文件指明了arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux的生成规则。

 

arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile:

$(obj)/vmlinux:$(obj)/vmlinux.lds $(obj)/$(HEAD) $(obj)/piggy.o \

                $(addprefix $(obj)/, $(OBJS))$(lib1funcs) $(ashldi3) \

                 $(bswapsdi2) $(efi-obj-y) FORCE

        @$(check_for_multiple_zreladdr)

       $(call if_changed,ld)

        @$(check_for_bad_syms)

 

这两个规则的第一个就是把由vmlinux 进行objcopy生成的Image进行压缩生成piggy.gz,然后生成piggy.ocmd_ld 命令在scripts/Makefile.lib 文件定义:

quiet_cmd_ld =LD      $@

cmd_ld = $(LD)$(LDFLAGS) $(ldflags-y) $(LDFLAGS_$(@F)) \

              $(filter-out FORCE,$^) -o $@


这里根据链接脚本arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux.lds 链接生成了arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux文件。然后在arch/arm/boot/Makefile规则中:

$(obj)/zImage:$(obj)/compressed/vmlinux FORCE

$(callif_changed,objcopy)

这样,经过objcopy处理后便生成了最终的zImage

 

回复列表 (共5个回复)

沙发

打点滴嗒嗒滴大大打点滴打点滴打点滴到底

板凳

打点滴嗒嗒滴大大打点滴打点滴打点滴到底多多多多多多多多多多多多

3 楼

沃尔沃二翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁翁

4 楼

学习了 谢谢









[url=www.mitao167.com][color=White]三级片[/color][/url]

5 楼

感谢分享gygc2@donotsendemailtome.com
yoyu3@donotsendemailtome.com
mumc5@donotsendemailtome.com
wopt2@donotsendemailtome.com

我来回复

您尚未登录,请登录后再回复。点此登录或注册