题目：
1.  给定等式    A B C D E     其中每个字母代表一个数字，且不同数字对应不
                    D F G     同字母。编程求出这些数字并且打出这个数字的
             +      D F G     算术计算竖式。

             ───────

                X Y Z D E



我比较笨，想不出什么好算法，只好暴力.....


[code=c]
#include <iostream>
#include <strstream>

using namespace std;

int number_ok(int i)
{
    char s;
    char *s_p;
    char *str_i;

    str_i = new char[10];
    str_i[0] = '\0';

    ostrstream outs(str_i,10);
    outs << i << ends;

    while(*str_i)
    {
        s_p=str_i;
        s=*s_p;

        while(*s_p)
        {
            s_p++;
            if (s==*s_p)
            {
                delete str_i;
                return 0;
            }
        }

        str_i++;
    }

    delete str_i;
    return 1;
}


int main()
{
        int i,j,k;
        char i_str[10];
        char j_str[10];
        char k_str[10];
        char *str_temp;

        for (i = 12354; i <= 98754; i++)
            if(number_ok(i))
            for (j = 150; j <= 950; j+=100)
                if(number_ok(j))
                {
                    k=i+j+j;

                    if(number_ok(k))
                    {
                        i_str[0]='\0';
                        ostrstream outs_i(i_str,10);
                        outs_i << i <<ends;

                        j_str[0]='\0';
                        ostrstream outs_j(j_str,10);
                        outs_j << j <<ends;

                        k_str[0]='\0';
                        ostrstream outs_k(k_str,10);
                        outs_k << k <<ends;


                        if(j_str[0] != i_str[3])  goto next;    //j[0]==i[3]
                        if(i_str[3] != k_str[3])  goto next;    //i[3]==k[3]
                        if(i_str[4] != k_str[4])  goto next;    //i[4]==k[4]

                        str_temp=i_str;                         //j[1][2] noin i
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=i_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=k_str;                           //j[1][2] noin k
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=k_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=k_str;                             //i[0][1][2] noin k
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[0]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=k_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=k_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=i_str;                             //k[0][1][2] noin i
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[0]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=i_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=i_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=j_str;                             //i[0][1][2] noin j
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[0]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=j_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=j_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(i_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=j_str;                             //k[0][1][2] noin j
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[0]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=j_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=j_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(k_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        str_temp=i_str;                             //j[1][2] noin i k
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=i_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=k_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[1]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }
                        str_temp=k_str;
                        while(*str_temp)
                            {
                                if(j_str[2]==*str_temp) goto next;
                                str_temp++;
                            }

                        cout << endl;
                        cout << " " << "ABCDE" << endl
                             << "   " << "DFG" << endl
                             << "+  " << "DFG" << endl
                             << "======="      << endl
                             << " " << "XYZDE" << endl << endl

                             << " "   << i << endl
                             << "   " << j << endl
                             << "+  " << j << endl
                             << "======="  << endl
                             << " "   << k << endl;

                        next: ;
                    }
                }

    return 0;
}


[/code]


GCC下编译通过。
结果：


 ABCDE
   DFG
+  DFG
=======
 XYZDE

 29786
   850
+  850
=======
 31486